Proof of Presence (PoP)

Proof of Presence refers to persuasive evidence that any one particular user, rather than another, is directly responsible for carrying out a particular computing action.

True proof of presence provides strong non-repudiation capability, ensuring that any incidents can be attributed not just to the user account in which they originated—since any account can in theory be stolen or taken over by a malicious actor—but to a specific, real-world person.